A window glass repair, is an opening in a wall, door glass repair, roof or vehicle that allows the passage of light, sound, and/or air. Modern window glass replacement, are usually glazed or covered in some other transparent or translucent material, a sash set in a frame in the opening; the sash and frame are also referred to as a window. Many glazed window repairs, may be opened, to allow ventilation, or closed, to exclude inclement weather. Windows often have a latch or similar mechanism to lock the glass window shut or to hold it open by various amounts.

Types include the eyebrow window, fixed windows, single-hung and double-hung sash windows, horizontal sliding sash windows, casement windows, awning windows, hopper windows, tilt and sliding glass windows (often door-sized), tilt and turn windows, transom windows, sidelight windows, jalousie or louvered windows, clerestory windows, skylights, roof windows, roof lanterns, bay windows, oriel windows, thermal, or Diocletian, windows, picture windows, emergency exit windows, stained glass windows, French windows, panel windows, and double - and triple paned windows.

The Romans were the first known to use glass for windows, a technology likely first produced in Roman Egypt, in Alexandria ca. 100 AD. Paper windows were economical and widely used in ancient China, Korea and Japan. In England, glass became common in the windows of ordinary homes only in the early 17th century whereas windows made up of panes of flattened animal horn were used as early as the 14th century. In the 19th century American west, greased paper windows came to be used by itinerant groups. Modern-style floor-to-ceiling windows became possible only after the industrial plate glass making processes were perfected.

Etymology

The English language-word window glass replacement originates from the Old Norse 'vindauga', from 'vindr – wind' and 'auga – eye', i.e., wind eye. In Norwegian Nynorsk and Icelandic the Old Norse form has survived to this day (in Icelandic only as a less used synonym to gluggi), in Swedish the word vindöga remains as a term for a hole through the roof of a hut, and in the Danish language 'vindue' and Norwegian Bokmål 'vindu', the direct link to 'eye' is lost, just like for 'glass window repair'. The Danish (but not the Bokmål) word is pronounced fairly similarly to window.

Window is first recorded in the early 13th century, and originally referred to an unglazed hole in a roof. Window replaced the Old Englisheagþyrl, which literally means 'eye-hole,' and 'eagduru' 'eye-door glass repair'. Many Germanic languages however adopted the Latin word 'fenestra' to describe a window with glass, such as standard Swedish 'fönster', or German 'Fenster'. The use of broken window repair in English is probably because of the Scandinavian influence on the English language by means of loanwords during the Viking Age. In English the word fenester was used as a parallel until the mid-18th century. Fenestration is still used to describe the arrangement of windows within a façade, as well as defenestration, meaning to throw something out of a window glass replacement.

History

In the 13th century BC, the earliest windows were unglazed openings in a roof to admit light during the day. Later, broken windows replacement, were covered with animal hide, cloth, or wood. Shutters that could be opened and closed came next. Over time, windows were built that both protected the inhabitants from the elements and transmitted light, using multiple small pieces of translucent material (such as flattened pieces of translucent animal horn, thin slices of marble, or pieces of glass) set in frameworks of wood, iron or lead. In the Far East, paper was used to fill windows. The Romans were the first known to use glass for windows, a technology likely first produced in Roman Egypt. Namely, in Alexandria ca. 100 AD cast glass windows, albeit with poor optical properties, began to appear, but these were small thick productions, little more than blown glass repair, jars (cylindrical shapes) flattened out into sheets with circular striation patterns throughout. It would be over a millennium before a Brisbane window glass, became transparent enough to see through clearly, as we think of it now.

Over the centuries techniques were developed to shear through one side of a blown glass cylinder and produce thinner rectangular window panes from the same amount of glass material. This gave rise to tall narrow window repair, usually separated by a vertical support called a mullion. Mullioned glass windows were the glass windows of choice among European well-to-do, whereas paper windows were economical and widely used in ancient China, Korea and Japan. In England, glass became common in the windows of ordinary homes for door glass repair, only in the early 17th century whereas windows made up of panes of flattened animal horn were used as early as the 14th century.

Modern-style floor-to-ceiling windows became possible only after the industrial plate glass making processes were perfected. Modern windows are usually filled with glass, although a few are transparent plastic.

Fixed window repair

A window repair, that cannot be opened, whose function is limited to allowing light to enter (unlike an unfixed window, which can open and close). Clerestory window repair, in church architecture are often fixed. Transom windows may be fixed window repair or operable. This type of window repair is used in situations where light or vision alone is needed as no ventilation is possible window repair Brisbane, without the use of trickle vents or overglass vents.

Single-hung sash

One sash is movable (usually the bottom one) and the other fixed. This is the earlier form of sliding sash window, and is also cheaper.

Double-hung sash window replacement

A sash window replacement, is the traditional style of window in the United Kingdom, and many other places that were formerly colonized by the UK, with two parts (sashes) that overlap slightly and slide up and down inside the frame. The two parts are not necessarily the same size; where the upper sash is smaller (shorter) it is termed a cottage window. Currently most new double-hung sash windows use spring balances to support the sashes, but traditionally, check blog spot, counterweights held in boxes on either side of the sash window replacement were used. These were and are attached to the sashes using pulleys of either braided cord or, later, purpose-made chain. Three types of spring balances are called a tape or clock spring balance; channel or block-and-tackle balance; and a spiral or tube balance.

Double-hung sash windows were traditionally often fitted with shutters. Sash window replacement, can be fitted with simplex hinges that let the window replacement, be locked into hinges on one side, while the rope on the other side is detached—so the window can be opened for fire escape or cleaning.

Horizontal sliding sash

Has two or more sashes that overlap slightly but slide horizontally within the frame. In the UK, these are sometimes called Yorkshire sash window repair, presumably because of their traditional use in that county.

Casement window repair

A casement window repair, with a hinged sash that swings in or out like a door glass replacement, comprising either a side-hung, top-hung (also called "awning window"; see below), or occasionally bottom-hung sash or a combination of these types, sometimes with fixed door panel repair, on one or more sides of the sash. In the USA, these are usually opened using a crank, but in parts of Europe they tend to use projection friction stays and espagnolette locking. Formerly, plain hinges were used with a casement stay. Handing applies to casement window repairs, to determine direction of swing; a casement window glass replacement, may be left-handed, right-handed, or double. The casement glass window repair is the dominant type now found in modern buildings in Brisbane, UK and many other parts of Europe.

Awning

An awning glass window repair, is a casement window that is hung horizontally, hinged on top, so that it swings outward like an awning. In addition to be used independently, they can be stacked, several in one opening, or combined with fixed glass. They are particularly useful for ventilation.

Hopper window repair

A hopper window repair, is a bottom-pivoting casement window that opens by tilting vertically, typically to the inside. (Mostly used for schools)

Pivot window glass replacement

A window glass replacement, is hung on one hinge on each of two opposite sides which allows the window glass replacement, to revolve when opened. The hinges may be mounted top and bottom (Vertically Pivoted) or at each jamb (Horizontally Pivoted). The window glass replacement, will usually open initially to a restricted position for ventilation and, once released, fully reverse and lock again for safe cleaning from inside. Modern pivot hinges incorporate a friction device to hold the window glass replacement, open against its own weight and may have restriction and reversed locking built in. In the UK, where this type of window glass replacement, is most common, they were extensively installed in high-rise social housing.

Tilt and slide door glass repair

A door glass repair,window (more usually a door-sized window) where the sash tilts inwards at the top and then slides horizontally behind the fixed pane of a door glass repair.

Tilt and turn window repair

A tilt and turn window repair, can both tilt inwards at the top or open inwards from hinges at the side. This is the most common type of window repair, in Germany, its country of origin. It is also widespread in many other European countries. In Europe it is usual for these to be of the "turn first" type. i.e. when the handle is turned to 90 degrees the window repair opens in the side hung mode. With the handle turned to 180 degrees the window repair opens in bottom hung mode. Most usually in the UK the window repair will be "tilt first" i.e. bottom hung at 90 degrees for ventilation and side hung at 180 degrees for cleaning the outer face of the glass from inside the building.

Transom window glass replacement

A window glass replacement, above a door; in an exterior door the transom window glass replacement, is often fixed, in an interior door glass repair, it can open either by hinges at top or bottom, or rotate on hinges. It provided ventilation before forced air heating and cooling. A fan-shaped transom is known as a fanlight, especially in the British Isles.

Side light door glass repair

Windows beside a door glass repair, or window are called side-, wing-, and margen-lights and flanking windows.

French glass window

A French window (when hinged French door glass repair) is a large door-sized lattice light, typically set in pairs or multiples thereof. Known as porte-fenêtre in France and portafinestra in Italy, they often overlook a terrace and are commonly used in modern houses.

Double-paned window glass repair

Double-paned window glass repair, have two parallel panes (slabs of glass) with a separation of typically about 1 cm; this space is permanently sealed and filled at the time of manufacture with dry air or other dry nonreactive gas. Such window glass repair, provide a marked improvement in thermal insulation (and usually in acoustic insulation as well) and are resistant to fogging and frosting caused by temperature differential. They are widely used for residential and commercial construction in intemperate climates. Triple-paned window glass repair, have been commercially manufactured and marketed with claims of additional benefit but have not become common. In the UK double-paned and triple-paned are referred to as double-glazing and triple-glazing.

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